Bikin Kwale-kwalen Dodanni

TheBikin Kwale-kwalen Dodanni(Sauƙaƙan harshen Sinanci: 端午节;gargajiyar kasar Sin: 端午節) hutu ne na gargajiya na kasar Sin wanda ke faruwa a rana ta biyar ga watan biyar naKalanda ta kasar Sin, wanda yayi daidai da ƙarshen watan Mayu ko Yuni a cikinKalanda ta Gregorian.

Sunan da aka yi amfani da shi a harshen Ingilishi don hutun shineBikin Kwale-kwalen Dodanni, wanda Jamhuriyar Jama'ar China ta yi amfani da shi a matsayin fassarar Turanci ta hukuma ta hutun. Haka kuma a wasu majiyoyin Ingilishi ana kiransa daBikin Biyar Biyuwanda ke nuni ga kwanan wata kamar yadda yake a cikin sunan asalin Sinanci.

Sunayen kasar Sin ta yanki

Duanwu('Yan China: 端午;pinyin:duānwǔ), kamar yadda ake kiran bikin a cikinHarshen Mandarin na kasar Sin, a zahiri yana nufin "dokin farawa/buɗewa", watau, "ranar doki" ta farko (bisa gaAlamar zodiac ta kasar Sin/Kalanda ta kasar Sintsarin) zai faru a watan; duk da haka, duk da ma'anar zahiri ita cewǔ, "[ranar] doki a cikin zagayowar dabbobi", an kuma fassara wannan halin a matsayinwǔ('Yan China: 五;pinyin:wǔ) ma'ana "biyar". Saboda hakaDuanwu, "bikin a rana ta biyar ga wata na biyar".

Sunan bikin Mandarin na kasar Sin "端午節" (Sauƙaƙan harshen Sinanci: 端午节;gargajiyar kasar Sin: 端午節;pinyin:Duānwǔjié;Wade-Giles:Tuan Wu shi) a cikinChinakumaTaiwan, da "Tuen Ng Festival" na Hong Kong, Macao, Malaysia da Singapore.

Ana sanya shi a cikin launuka daban-dabanYarukan SinanciA cikinCantonese, shi neromanizedkamar yaddaTalata¹Ng⁵Jit³a Hong Kong da kumaTung¹Ng⁵Jit³in Macau. Saboda haka "Tuen Ng Festival" a Hong KongTun Ng(Bikin Barco-Dragāoa cikin harshen Portugal) a cikin Macao.

Asali

Ana ɗaukar watan biyar na wata a matsayin wata mai rashin sa'a. Mutane sun yi imanin cewa bala'o'i da cututtuka na halitta sun zama ruwan dare a watan biyar. Don kawar da bala'in, mutane suna sanya calamus, Artemisia, furannin rumman, ixora na kasar Sin da tafarnuwa a saman ƙofofi a rana ta biyar ga watan biyar.^{[ana buƙatar ambato]}Tunda siffar calamus tana kama da takobi kuma tana da ƙamshin tafarnuwa mai ƙarfi, ana kyautata zaton za ta iya kawar da mugayen ruhohi.

Wani bayani game da asalin Bikin Kwale-kwalen Dodanni ya fito ne daga kafin Daular Qin (221–206 BC). An dauki watan biyar na kalandar wata a matsayin wata mara kyau kuma ranar biyar ta wata mummunar rana ce. An ce dabbobi masu dafi suna bayyana tun daga ranar biyar ga wata na biyar, kamar macizai, centipedes, da kunamai; ana kyautata zaton mutane suna yin rashin lafiya cikin sauƙi bayan wannan rana. Saboda haka, a lokacin Bikin Kwale-kwalen Dodanni, mutane suna ƙoƙarin guje wa wannan mummunan sa'a. Misali, mutane na iya liƙa hotunan halittu biyar masu guba a bango su manna allurai a cikinsu. Mutane kuma suna iya yin yanke-yanke na takarda na halittu biyar su naɗe su a wuyan hannun 'ya'yansu. Manyan bukukuwa da wasanni sun samo asali ne daga waɗannan ayyuka a wurare da yawa, wanda hakan ya sa Bikin Kwale-kwalen Dodanni ya zama rana don kawar da cututtuka da rashin sa'a.

Ku Yuan

Labarin da aka fi sani a kasar Sin ta zamani yana cewa bikin yana tunawa da mutuwar mawaki da ministaKu Yuan(kimanin 340–278 BC) natsohuwar jihanaChua lokacinLokacin Jihohin YaƙinaDaular ZhouƊan kadet naGidan sarauta na Chu, Qu ya yi aiki a manyan mukamai. Duk da haka, lokacin da sarki ya yanke shawarar yin kawance da yanayin da ke ƙara ƙarfi naQinAn kori Qu saboda adawa da kawancen har ma an zarge shi da cin amanar kasa. A lokacin gudun hijirarsa, Qu Yuan ya rubuta abubuwa da yawa game dawaƙaShekaru ashirin da takwas bayan haka, Qin ta kamaYing, babban birnin Chu. Cikin firgici, Qu Yuan ya kashe kansa ta hanyar nutsar da kansa a cikinKogin Miluo.

An ce mutanen yankin, waɗanda suka yaba masa, sun yi tsere a cikin kwale-kwalen su don cetonsa, ko kuma aƙalla su ɗauko gawarsa. Wannan shine asalinTseren jirgin ruwan dragonLokacin da ba a ga gawarsa ba, sai suka jefar da ƙwallayeshinkafa mai mannewacikin kogin domin kifayen su cinye su maimakon jikin Qu Yuan. Wannan shine asalinzongzi.

A lokacin Yaƙin Duniya na Biyu, an fara yi wa Qu Yuan kallon ɗan ƙasa a matsayin "mawaƙin ƙasar Sin na farko mai kishin ƙasa". Ra'ayin ra'ayin zamantakewa na Qu da kuma kishin ƙasa mai ƙarfi ya zama abin koyi a ƙarƙashin Jamhuriyar Jama'ar China bayan 1949.Nasarar Kwaminisanci a Yaƙin Basasa na China.

Wu Zixu

Duk da shaharar da ka'idar asalin Qu Yuan ta yi a zamanin yau, a tsohuwar yankinMasarautar Wu, bikin da aka yi bikin tunawa da shiWu Zixu(ya mutu a shekara ta 484 kafin haihuwar Annabi Isa), Firayim Ministan Wu.Xi Shi, wata kyakkyawar mace da Sarki ya aikoGoujiannajihar Yue, Sarki ya ƙaunace shi sosaiFuchaina Wu. Wu Zixu, ganin makircin Goujian mai haɗari, ya yi wa Fuchai gargaɗi, wanda ya fusata da wannan furucin. Fuchai ya tilasta wa Wu Zixu ya kashe kansa, tare da jefa gawarsa cikin kogin a rana ta biyar ga wata na biyar. Bayan mutuwarsa, a wurare kamar suSuzhou, Ana tunawa da Wu Zixu a lokacin bikin Dodanni.

Abubuwa uku da suka fi yaduwa a lokacin bikin Dodanni sune cin abinci (da kuma shirya)zongzi, shan giyaruwan inabi na realgar, da kuma tserejiragen ruwan dragon.

Tseren kwale-kwalen dragon

Gasar tseren kwale-kwale ta dragon tana da tarihi mai kyau na tsoffin al'adu na al'ada da na al'ada, waɗanda suka samo asali daga kudancin tsakiyar China sama da shekaru 2500 da suka gabata. Tatsuniyar ta fara ne da labarin Qu Yuan, wanda ya kasance minista a ɗaya daga cikin gwamnatocin Jiha Mai Yaƙi, Chu. Jami'an gwamnati masu kishi sun yi masa ba'a kuma sarki ya kore shi. Saboda takaicin da ya samu a masarautar Chu, ya nutsar da kansa cikin Kogin Miluo. Talakawa sun yi gaggawar zuwa ruwa suka yi ƙoƙarin dawo da gawarsa. Don tunawa da Qu Yuan, mutane suna yin tseren kwale-kwalen dragon kowace shekara a ranar mutuwarsa bisa ga tatsuniyar. Sun kuma watsa shinkafa a cikin ruwa don ciyar da kifaye, don hana su cin gawar Qu Yuan, wanda shine ɗaya daga cikin asalinzongzi.

Zongzi (waken shinkafa na gargajiya na kasar Sin)

Wani muhimmin ɓangare na bikin Dragon Boat Festival shine yin zongzi da cin zongzi tare da 'yan uwa da abokai. Mutane a al'ada suna nannaɗe zongzi da ganyen reed, bamboo, suna samar da siffar dala. Ganyayyakin kuma suna ba da ƙamshi da ɗanɗano na musamman ga shinkafa mai manne da cikawa. Zaɓuɓɓukan cikawa sun bambanta dangane da yankuna. Yankunan Arewa a China suna fifita zongzi mai zaki ko kayan zaki, tare da manna wake, jujube, da goro a matsayin cikawa. Yankunan Kudu maso Gabas a China suna fifita zongzi mai daɗi, tare da nau'ikan cikawa iri-iri ciki har da cikin naman alade da aka jika, tsiran alade, da ƙwai na agwagwa mai gishiri.

Zongzi ya bayyana kafin Lokacin Bazara da Kaka kuma an fara amfani da shi don bauta wa kakanninmu da alloli; a Daular Jin, Zongzi ya zama abincin biki na Bikin Jirgin Ruwa na Dragon. Daular Jin, an sanya dumplings a hukumance a matsayin abincin Bikin Jirgin Ruwa na Dragon. A wannan lokacin, ban da shinkafa mai ɗanɗano, ana ƙara kayan da ake amfani da su wajen yin zongzi tare da maganin kasar Sin na Yizhiren. Zongzi da aka dafa ana kiransa "yizhi zong".

Dalilin da ya sa Sinawa ke cin zongzi a wannan rana ta musamman yana da maganganu da yawa. Sigar al'ada ita ce a yi bikin tunawa da Quyuan. Duk da cewa a zahiri, ana ɗaukar Zongzi a matsayin hadaya ga kakanni tun kafin zamanin Chunqiu. Daga daular Jin, Zongzi ya zama abincin bikin a hukumance kuma ya daɗe har zuwa yanzu.

Kwanakin jirgin ruwan Dragon daga 3 zuwa 5 ga Yuni na 2022. HUAXIN CARBIDE ina yi wa kowa fatan alheri!